Special Collections & Archives, Wright State University Libraries

MS-181 Dayton Police Collection

Introduction

This collection was created through the efforts of several Dayton Police Department officers who rescued these documents from destruction. Because of a lack of an effective records management program in the department, most of the documents were earmarked for elimination. This collection resulted from the sorting and saving of documents over a number of years.

Brief Agency History

The Dayton Police Department traces its origin to the first constable, Cyrus Osborn, appointed after the settlement of Dayton in 1797. The Charter of 1805, which created the town of Dayton made provision for a marshal, who was required to maintain the peace within the new town. Until 1833, the marshal served as the town's only law enforcement officer. As demands for increased law protection grew, marshals were added until 1867 when the state legislature granted Dayton the privilege of organizing its own police department. This decree was repealed 11 months later, and Dayton returned to law governed by the marshal.

In 1873, Dayton again was able to organize another police department with a chief, two lieutenants, a staff of patrolmen, and several officials responsible for operation of the municipal jail. The department was originally governed by a Board of Police Commissioners, however the board was later disbanded. The department was then governed by a safety director appointed by the mayor. After 1914, the Dayton Police Department became a division of the Department of Public Safety, as it is today.

Scope and Content

Container Listing

These records fall into five categories. Series I is the Bertillion Card file of the Dayton Police Department, and also a file relating to Dayton criminals in the Ohio State Reformatory and Penitentiary. The Bertillion System provided the fundamental identification method of criminals and each card includes the criminal's name, mug shot, crime, and identifying characteristics.

Series II, the Arrest Files, contains a selection of routine arrest files as maintained by the Police Department. Each file varies in content, some containing mug shots, arrest reports, newspaper clippings and other miscellany relating to the individual's criminal record.

Series III, the clipping file, is the newsbank created by the police department as investigations were being conducted. Because of its nature as a clipping file, the clippings tend to be haphazard in nature and do not follow any sequence other than chronological.

Series IV, the Notorious Criminal file, contains the information which was stored at the Police Department regarding notorious criminals. This file contains the "records" of Clyde Barrow, Alfred Brady, Pretty Boy Floyd, Albert Fouts, John "Peanuts" Gourmey, Bugs Moran, and Virgil Summers. As a subseries is the police file maintained in Dayton relating to the Dayton capture and arrest of John Dillinger. The local police file contains mug shots and arrest reports, as well as informant statements and arresting officers' reports. The official correspondence file contains letters of inquiry from police departments nationwide, requesting information about Dillinger. Also in this file are the FBI letters under J. Edgar Hoover.

Series I: Photographic/Bertillion System Cards

Box

File

Contents Date
1 1 Dayton P.D. Bertillion Cards pre-1910
2 Dayton P.D. Bertillion Cards 1910
3 Dayton P.D. Bertillion Cards 1910
4 Dayton P.D. Bertillion Cards 1911
5 Dayton P.D. Bertillion Cards 1912
6 Dayton P.D. Bertillion Cards 1917-1919
7 Ohio State Reformatory and Penitentiary Cards  
8 Miscellaneous, undated cards  
9 Miscellaneous photo file  

Series II: Arrest Files

Box File Contents Date
2 1 Brown, B. May 14, 1905
2 Burkes, Mabel June 24, 1905
3 Burkes, James June 23, 1905
4 Coppock, Harry Feb. 8, 1933
5 Dudley, William June 13, 1905
6 Gebhart, Harry June 10, 1905
7 Harris, John A. August 9, 1905
8 Hisey, Harvey July 16, 1905
9 Howard, George (alias: J.F. Howard) July 8, 1905
10 Howard, John (alias: Dowling McDonald) October 5, 1905
11 King, Napoleon Leon April 14, 1937, January 3, 1956
12 Krug, Albert L. July 13, 1905
13 Krug, Clarence July 13, 1905
14 Mitchell, Frank March 8, 1905
15 Myers, Charles Oscar June 24, 1905
16 Parsels, Burt July 30, 1905
17 Parsels, Harry April 3, 1935
18 Schroeder, John (alias: Harry Powers, Cornelius Pierson, "Bluebeard") May 28, 1933
19 Spohr, Lewis Nov. 25, 1893
20 Tall, John June 18, 1905
21 Tiller, Prentice (alias: M.W. Chambers) Dec. 18, 1905
22 Vance, Percy (alias: Van Ness, H.R. Gray) August 17, 1905

Series III: Clipping File

Box File  Contents Date
2 23 Dayton P.D. Clippings 1927-1937 

Series IV: Notorious Criminal File

Box File  Contents Date
3 1 Wanted Posters 1902-1917
2 Clyde Barrow  
3 Alfred Brady  
4 Charles A. "Pretty Boy" Floyd  
5 Albert Fouts  
6 John E. "Peanuts" Gourmey  
7 George C. "Bugs" Moran  
8 Virgil Summers  
SUB SERIES: JOHN DILLINGER  
9 Dillinger--Local Police File  
10 Dillinger--Official Police Correspondence  
11 Dillinger--clippings  
12 Dillinger--miscellaneous  

Series V: Miscellaneous 

Box File  Contents  
3 13 Univis Strike Photos  
14 Miscellaneous